Assessment of the torsional behaviour of hollow core slabs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.1572Abstract
There are many applications in buildings in which precast pre-stressed hollow-core (HC) slabs are subjected to shear, torsion, or combined shear and torsion. Nonetheless, extruded HC units contain no transverse reinforcement, being inherently vulnerable to brittle failure modes due to shear and torsional actions. In previous work by the authors, a finite element (FE) modelling approach for HC units failing in shear was developed and validated against experimental test data. This paper aims to extend the applicability of the proposed FE approach to help improve the understanding of the torsional behavior of HC units. For this purpose, the developed model is further validated against experimental data available in the literature and then used to predict the torsional capacity of New Zealand-specific 200 mm deep HC units. Results suggest that the FE model is capable of predicting the capacity of HC slabs with and without eccentricity of the applied vertical load. Finally, the numerical results are used to evaluate the performance of available simplified analysis approaches for assessing the torsional capacity of HC units, which are found to be non-conservative if used with expected material properties.
References
Broo H, Lundgren K and Engström B (2005). "Shear and torsion interaction in prestressed hollow core units". Magazine of Concrete Research, 57(9): 521-533. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.9.521 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.9.521
Broo H, Lundgren K and Engström B (2007). "Shear and torsion in prestressed hollow core units: Finite element analyses of full-scale tests". Structural Concrete, 8(2): 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1680/stco.2007.8.2.87 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/stco.2007.8.2.87
Fenwick R, Bull D and Gardiner D (2010). "Assessment of Hollow-Core Floors for Seismic Performance". Report 2010-02. Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, NZ.
Araújo D de L, Sales MWR, Silva RPM, Antunes C de FM and Ferreira M de A (2020). "Shear strength of prestressed 160 mm deep hollow core slabs". Engineering Structures, 218: 110723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110723 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110723
El-Sayed AK, Al-Negheimish AI and Alhozaimy AM (2019). "Web shear resistance of prestressed precast deep hollow core slabs". ACI Structural Journal, 116(1): 139-150. https://doi.org/10.14359/51706919 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14359/51706919
Hawkins NM and Ghosh SK (2006). "Shear strength of hollow-core slabs". PCI Journal, 51(1): 110-115.
Michelini E, Bernardi P, Cerioni R and Belletti B (2020). "Experimental and numerical assessment of flexural and shear behavior of precast prestressed deep hollow-core slabs". International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-020-00407-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-020-00407-y
Nguyen TNH, Tan KH and Kanda T (2019). "Investigations on web-shear behavior of deep precast, prestressed concrete hollow core slabs". Engineering Structures, 183: 579–593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.052
Pajari M (2005). “Resistance of Prestressed Hollow-Core Slabs Against Web Shear Failure”. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. https://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/tiedotteet/2005/T2292.pdf
Palmer KD and Schultz AE (2011). "Experimental investigation of the web-shear strength of deep hollow-core units". PCI Journal, 56(4): 83–104. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09012011.83.104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09012011.83.104
Sarkis AI, Bueker F, Sullivan TJ, Elwood KJ, Brunesi E and Hogan L (2022a). "Aspects affecting the nonlinear behavior of precast pre-stressed hollow-core units failing in shear". Structural Concrete, 23(5): 3021-3038. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100579
Brunesi E, Bolognini D and Nascimbene R (2015). "Evaluation of the shear capacity of precast-prestressed hollow core slabs: numerical and experimental comparisons". Materials and Structures, 48(5): 1503–1521. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0250-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0250-6
Brunesi E and Nascimbene R (2015). "Numerical web-shear strength assessment of precast prestressed hollow core slab units". Engineering Structures, 102: 13–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.013
Pachalla SKS and Prakash SS (2018). "Load resistance and failure modes of hollow-core slabs with openings: A finite element analysis". PCI Journal, 63(4): 25-40. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij63.4-03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij63.4-03
Sarkis AI, Sullivan TJ, Brunesi E and Nascimbene R (2022b). "Critical modelling criteria for precast pre-stressed hollow-core slabs". Journal of Building Engineering, 54: 104545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104545 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104545
Pisanty A (1992). "The shear strength of extruded hollow-core slabs". Materials and Structures, 25(4): 224–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473067
Yang L (1994). "Design of prestressed hollow core slabs with reference to web shear failure". Journal of Structural Engineering, 120(9): 2675–2696. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:9(2675) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:9(2675)
Pajari M (2004a). “Pure Torsion Tests on Single Hollow Core Slabs”. VTT Research Notes 2273, 29p. ISBN: 951-38-6517-7. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.
Pajari M (2004b). “Shear-Torsion Interaction Tests on Single Hollow Core Slabs”. Technical Report, 204pp, ISBN 951-38-6519-3. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. https://publications.vtt.fi/pdf/tiedotteet/2004/T2275.pdf
Jurkowska N, Derkowski W and Azizov T (2019). "Consideration of the torsional stiffness in hollow-core slabs’ design". Materials Science Forum, 968: 330–341. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.968.330 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.968.330
Brooke N, Elwood K, Bull D, Liu A, Henry R, Sullivan T, Hogan L and del Rey Castillo E (2019). "ReCast floors - Seismic assessment and improvement of existing precast concrete floors". SESOC Journal, 32(1).
Puranam A, Filippova O, Pastor-Paz J, Stephens M, Elwood KJ, Ismail N, Noy I and Opabola E (2019). "A detailed inventory of medium-to high-rise buildings in Wellington’s central business district". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 52(4): 172–192. https://doi.org/10.5459/BNZSEE.52.4.172-192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.52.4.172-192
SNZ (2006). "NZS3101: Concrete Structures Standard, Part 1: The Design of Concrete Structures". Standards New Zealand, Wellington, NZ.
SESOC (2017). "The Seismic Assessment of Existing Buildings: Technical Guidelines for Engineering Assessments". Structural engineering Society (SESOC) and Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (MBIE), Wellington, NZ.
Mitchell D and Collins MP (1978). "Influence of prestressing on torsional response of concrete beams". PCI Journal, 23(3): 54–73. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.05011978.54.73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.05011978.54.73
Collins MP and Mitchell D (1980). "Shear and torsion design of prestressed and non-prestressed concrete beams". PCI Journal, 25(5): 32–100. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09011980.32.100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09011980.32.100
Mostafa M, Hogan L and Elwood KJ (2022). "Torsional capacity assessment of precast hollow-core floors". SESOC Journal, 35(1): 109-124.
Collins MP and Mitchell D (1997). Prestressed Concrete Structures. Response Publications.
Fenwick R, Deam B and Bull D (2004). "Failure modes for hollowcore flooring units". SESOC Journal, 17(1): 52–70.
MIDAS Information Technology (2016). Midas FEA: Advanced Nonlinear and Detail Analysis System (v1.1). https://www.cspfea.net/prodotti/midas-fea-nx/
Vecchio FJ and Collins MP (1986). "The modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear'. ACI Journal, 83(2): 219–231. https://doi.org/10.14359/10416 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14359/10416
Selby RG and Vecchio FJ (1993). "3D Constitutive Relations for Reinforced Concrete". Technical Report 93-02, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.
Hordijk DA (1992). "Tensile and tensile fatigue behaviour of concrete; experiments, modelling and analyses". Heron, 37(1): 1–79.
Reinhardt HW, Cornelissen HAW and Hordijk DA (1986). "Tensile tests and failure analysis of concrete". Journal of Structural Engineering, 112(11): 2462–2477. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:11(2462) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:11(2462)
Thorenfeldt E (1987). "Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete and applications in design". Proceedings of the Utilization of High-Strength Concrete Symposium, Norway.
Federation Internationale du Beton (2013). "FIB Model Code for Concrete Structures 2010". International Federation for Structural Concrete, ISBN: 9783433030615. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433604090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433604090
Malvar LJ and Fourney ME (1990). "A three dimensional application of the smeared crack approach". Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 35(1–3): 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(90)90203-S DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(90)90203-S
Derkowski W and Surma M (2015). "Torsion of precast hollow core slabs". Technical Transactions Civil Engineering, 13pp. https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.15.160.4335
