The origin of resonance in the vertical component of earthquakes recorded on soft soil at Wainuiomata, New Zealand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.44.1.19-30Abstract
Occasionally-observed resonances in the vertical components of earthquakes recorded at the Wainuiomata, New Zealand, soft site, are likely to be manifestations of the Airy phase of fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves which traverse the site. These packets of waves exist only when a soft, water-saturated layer of soil overlies a substrate with a much higher velocity. Other soft sites in Wellington also show the phenomenon, which may have implications for hazard estimates.
References
Yang, J. (2004), Discussion of "Kinematic Pile Response to Vertical P-Wave Seismic Excitation" by George Mylonakis and George Gazetas. J. Geotech. and Geoenvir. Engng. 130(1):119-120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:1(119)
Yang, J. and Sato, T. (2000), “Effects of pore-water saturation on seismic reflection and transmission from a boundary of porous soils”, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 90(5):1313-1317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000008
Aoi, S., Kunugi, T. and Fujuwara, A. (2008), “Trampoline Effect in Extreme Ground Motion”, Science 322: 727-730. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1163113
Stephenson, W.R. and Barker, P.R. (1992), “Evaluation of sediment properties in the Lower Hutt and Porirua areas by means of cone and seismic cone penetration tests”, Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering 25(4):265-285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.25.4.265-285
Taber, J.J. and Smith, E.G.C. (1992), “Frequency dependent amplification of weak ground motions in Porirua and Lower Hutt, New Zealand”, Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, 25(4):303-331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.25.4.303-331
Begg, J.G., Mildenhall, D.C., Lyon, G.L., Stephenson, W.R., Funnell, R.H., Van Dissen, R.J., Bannister, S., Brown, L.J., Pillans, B., Harper, M.A. and Whitten, J. (1993), “A paleoenvironmental study of subsurface Quaternary sediments at Wainuiomata, Wellington, New Zealand, and tectonic implications”, New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics, 36(4): 461-473. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1993.9514592
Ruiz, S. and Saragoni, G.R. (2009), “Free vibration of soils during large earthquakes”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 29(1): 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.01.005
Mooney, H.M. and Bolt, B.A. (1966), “Dispersive characteristics of the first three rayleigh modes for a single surface layer”, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 56(1); 43-67.
Stephenson, W.R. (2003), “Factors bounding prograde Rayleigh-wave particle motion in a soft-soil layer”, Proceedings of the 2003 Pacific conference on Earthquake engineering (paper056).
Malischewsky, P.G. (2004), “A note on Rayleigh-wave velocities as a function of the material parameters”, Geofisica Internacional, 43(3); 507-509.
Malischewsky, P.G., Scherbaum, F., Lomnitz, C., Tuan, T.T., Wuttke, F. and Shamir, G. (2008), “The domain of existence of prograde Rayleigh-wave particle motion for simple models”, Wave Motion, 45(4); 556-564. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wavemoti.2007.11.004
Herrmann, R.B., (2002), “Computer programs in seismology”, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University.
Stephenson, W.R. and Barker, P.R. (1992), “Report on cone penetrometer and seismic cone penetrometer probing in Wellington City, Kapiti Coast and Upper Hutt valley (Part 4.2 of the 1991 study)”, DSIR contract report 92/14 to Wellington Regional Council.
Stephenson, W.R., Barker P.R. and Mew, G. (1990), “Report on resonant alluvium conditions for part of Porirua basin. (Part 3 of 1989 study)”, DSIR contract report 90/5 to Wellington Regional Council.
Dellow, G.D., Read, S.A.L., Van Dissen, R.J. and Perrin, N.D. (1991), Regional natural disaster reduction plan - seismic hazard. Geological setting of the Porirua basin, including distribution of materials and geotechnical properties (Part 6 of 1990 study): DSIR Geology and Geophysics contract report 1991/46.
Stephenson, W.R. (2005), “Late resonant response at Wainuiomata, New Zealand, during distant earthquakes”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 25(3), 187-196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.12.001
Stephenson, W.R., Lomnitz, C., and Flores, H. (2006), “Late resonant response at Texcoco, Valley of Mexico, during distant earthquakes”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 26(8); 791-798. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2005.06.003
Ansell, J.H. and Bannister, S.C. (1996), “Shallow morphology of the subducted Pacific Plate along the Hikurangi margin, New Zealand”, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 93:3-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(95)03085-9
