Cost effectiveness of code base shear requirements for reinforced concrete frame structures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.11.2.85-93Abstract
The appropriateness of the overall base shear levels prescribed by the New Zealand Loadings Code NZS4203:1976 is investigated for reinforced concrete frame buildings. Six-storey structures were designed to different base shear levels and total costs were computed: total cost takes account of capital cost, averaged direct economic loss due to earthquakes, and indirect earthquake losses. Damage levels were obtained from computer time-history analyses. It is shown that the code base shear levels are of the right order of magnitude for reinforced concrete frame buildings, but that the total cost of such buildings is insensitive to design base shear level. The increase in capital cost of a concrete frame building due to earthquake design requirements is of the order of 4%.
References
The Press, Christchurch, 12 June 1976.
Whitman, R. V., Biggs, J. M., Brennan, J., Cornell, C. A., de Neufville, R. and Vanmarcke, E. H., "Seismic Design Decision Analysis - Methodology and Pilot application", M.I.T. Dept. of Civil Engineering Research Report R74-15, April, 1974.
Beca, G. S. and Tork, A., "Economic Multi-Storey Structures for N.Z. Conditions", New Zealand Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 3, March, 1963, pp. 94-102.
Leslie, S. K. and Biggs, J. M., "Earthquake Code Evolution and the Effect of Seismic Design on the Cost of Buildings", M.I.T. Dept. of Civil Engineering Research Report, R72-20, May 1972.
Glogau, O. A., "Separation of Non-Structural Components in Buildings", Bull. N.Z. Nat. Soc. for Earthquake Eng. , Vol. 9, No. 3, Sept. 1976, pp. 141-158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.9.3.141-158
Jennings, P. C., Housner, G. W. and Tsai, N.C., "Simulated Earthquake Motions for Design Purposes", Proc. Fourth World Conf. on Earthquake Eng., Santiago, Chile, Vol. I, Jan. 1969, pp. Al 145-160.
Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C. F., "Earthquake Magnitude Intensity, Energy and Acceleration", Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Vol. 46, pp 105-145.
Esteva, L. and Rosenblueth, E., "Espectros de Tremblores a Distancias Moderadas y Grades", Bol. Soc. Mex. Ing. Sism., Vol. 2, No. 1, pp 1-18.
Whitman, R. V., Hong, S. and Reed, J. W., "Damage Statistics for High Rise Buildings in the Vicinity of the San Fernando Earthquake", M.I.T. Dept. of Civil Eng. Research Report, R73-57, Nov. 1973.
Smith, W. D., "Statistical Estimates of the Likelihood of Earthquake Shaking Throughout New Zealand", Bull, N.Z. Nat. Soc. For Earthquake Eng., Vol. 9, No. 4, pp 213-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.9.4.213-221
Silvester, D., "Optimal Level for New Zealand Earthquake Code", Civil Engineering Research Report 77-3, Dept. of Civil Eng., Univ. of Canterbury, Feb. 1977.
Munroe, T. and Blair, C., "Economic Impact in Seismic Design Decision Analysis: A Preliminary Investigation", M.I.T. Dept. of Civil Eng. Research Report R75-25, June 1975.
Melinek, S. K., "A Method of Evaluating Human Life for Economic Purposes", Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 6, pp. 103-114, Pergamon Press 1974. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(74)90021-9
Starr, C., "Social Benefit vs Technical Risk", Science, Am. Ass. Advancement Science, Vol. 165, Sept. 1969, pp. 1232-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.165.3899.1232
